MANSON, Ernest Z. - MUTINDA, Kyama C. - KIMANI, Josephine - BOCIAN, Aleksandra - HUS, Konrad Kamil - PETRILLA, Vladimír - LEGÁTH, Jaroslav - KIMOTHO, James H. Development and characterization of anti-Naja ashei three-finger toxins (3FTxs)-specific monoclonal antibodies and evaluation of their in vitro inhibition activity. In Toxins. ISSN 2072-6651, 2022, vol. 14, no. 4, art. no. 285, p. [1-12]. (2022: 4.2 - IF, 4.7 - IF 5y, 102 - H-index, 0.87 - SJR, Q1 - SJR Best Q, Q1 - JCR Best Q). Dostupné na internete:

Basic data
OCA1. Surname awarded to the assessed person	Petrilla
OCA2. Name awarded to the assessed person	Vladimír
OCA3. Degrees awarded to the assessed person	Assoc. prof. , DVM, PhD
OCA4. Hyperlink to the entry of the person in the Register of university staff	https://www.portalvs.sk/regzam/detail/23878
OCA5. Area of assessment	study programme man-animal relationship and its use in canistherapy and hipotherapy · I. degree
OCA6. Category of the research/artistic/other output	scientific output
OCA7. Year of publication of the research/artistic/other output	2022
OCA8. ID of the record in the Central Registry of Publication Activity (CRPA) or the Central Registry of Artistic Activity (CRAA)	ID: 475999
OCA9. Hyperlink to the record in CRPA or CRAA	https://app.crepc.sk/?fn=detailBiblioForm&sid=44C93A4E95DB8ED5EC6BB5FAFB
Characteristics of the output that is not registered in CRPA or CRAA
OCA10. Hyperlink to the record in another publicly accessible register, catalogue of research/ artistic/other outputs	https://arl4.library.sk/arl-uvlk/sk/detail-uvlk_un_cat-0039776-Development-and-characterization-of-antiNaja-ashei-threefinger-toxins-3FTxsspecific-monoclonal/?disprec=1&iset=7
OCA11. Characteristics of the output in the format of the CRPA or the CRAA bibliographic record, if the output is not available in a publicly accessible register or catalogue of outputs	MANSON, Ernest Z. - MUTINDA, Kyama C. - KIMANI, Josephine - BOCIAN, Aleksandra - HUS, Konrad Kamil - PETRILLA, Vladimír - LEGÁTH, Jaroslav - KIMOTHO, James H. Development and characterization of anti-Naja ashei three-finger toxins (3FTxs)-specific monoclonal antibodies and evaluation of their in vitro inhibition activity. In Toxins. ISSN 2072-6651, 2022, vol. 14, no. 4, art. no. 285, p. [1-12]. (2022: 4.2 - IF, 4.7 - IF 5y, 102 - H-index, 0.87 - SJR, Q1 - SJR Best Q, Q1 - JCR Best Q). Dostupné na internete:
OCA12. Type of the output (if the output is not registered in CRPA or CRAA)	article
OCA13. Hyperlink to the webpage where the output is available (full text, other documentation, etc.)	https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/14/4/285
OCA14. Characteristics of the author's contribution	Experimental preparation involving the collection of snake venoms, the performance of partial immunological analyses, as well as partial professional preparation of a scientific manuscript.
OCA15. Annotation of the output with contextual information concerning the description of creative process and the content of the research/artistic/other activity, etc.	Antivenom immunotherapy is the main approach for treating intoxication following snake envenomation; however, most regions rely on broad-spectrum polyspecific antivenoms that contain a low proportion of specific effective immunoglobulins targeting particular toxins. Therefore, advances in the production of toxin-specific antibodies represent a promising direction for future therapeutic strategies for snakebite envenomation. This study describes monoclonal antibodies against 3FTxs (three-finger toxins) developed against the venom of Naja ashei in mice. All three tested monoclonal antibodies (P4G6a, P6D9a, and P6D9b) were identified as IgG antibodies of the IgG1 subtype. SDS-PAGE analysis showed two major bands at approximately 55 and 29 kDa, corresponding to the heavy and light chains of immunoglobulins. The immunoaffinity-purified antibodies exhibited higher binding efficiency to the target antigen compared to the negative control. A cocktail of these monoclonal antibodies demonstrated significantly higher inhibition compared to two commercial antivenoms available on the Kenyan market, indicating greater specificity toward the target antigen. The inhibition induced by the monoclonal antibodies was comparable to that of polyclonal anti-3FTx antibodies, while these polyclonal antibodies differed significantly from the commercial antivenoms. The results highlight the potential for developing toxin-specific monoclonal antivenoms for snakebite immunotherapy.
Other data
OCA16. Annotation of the output in English	Antivenom immunotherapy is the main approach for treating intoxication following snake envenomation; however, most regions rely on broad-spectrum polyspecific antivenoms that contain a low proportion of specific effective immunoglobulins targeting particular toxins. Therefore, advances in the production of toxin-specific antibodies represent a promising direction for future therapeutic strategies for snakebite envenomation. This study describes monoclonal antibodies against 3FTxs (three-finger toxins) developed against the venom of Naja ashei in mice. All three tested monoclonal antibodies (P4G6a, P6D9a, and P6D9b) were identified as IgG antibodies of the IgG1 subtype. SDS-PAGE analysis showed two major bands at approximately 55 and 29 kDa, corresponding to the heavy and light chains of immunoglobulins. The immunoaffinity-purified antibodies exhibited higher binding efficiency to the target antigen compared to the negative control. A cocktail of these monoclonal antibodies demonstrated significantly higher inhibition compared to two commercial antivenoms available on the Kenyan market, indicating greater specificity toward the target antigen. The inhibition induced by the monoclonal antibodies was comparable to that of polyclonal anti-3FTx antibodies, while these polyclonal antibodies differed significantly from the commercial antivenoms. The results highlight the potential for developing toxin-specific monoclonal antivenoms for snakebite immunotherapy.
OCA17. List of maximum 5 most significant citations corresponding to the output	CORRÊA-NETTO, Carlos - STRAUCH, Marcelo A. - MONTEIRO-MACHADO, Marcos - TEIXEIRA-ARAÚJO, Ricardo - FONSECA, Juliana Guzzo - LEITÃO-ARAÚJO, Moema - MACHADO-ALVES, Maria Lúcia - SANZ, Libia - CALVETE, Juan J. - MELO, Paulo A. - ZINGALI, Russolina Benedeta. Monoclonal-Based Antivenomics Reveals Conserved Neutralizing Epitopes in Type I PLAinf2/inf Molecules from Coral Snakes. In Toxins, 2023-01-01, 15, 1, pp. Dostupné na: https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins15010015., Registrované v: WOS, SCOPUS RATHORE, Anurag S. - KUMAR, Ramesh - TIWARI, Om Shanker. Recent advancements in snake antivenom production. In International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2023-06-15, 240, pp. ISSN 01418130. Dostupné na: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124478., Registrované v: WOS, SCOPUS PUCCA, Manuela B. - WEN, Hui F. - MOURA-DA-SILVA, Ana M. - MONTEIRO, Wuelton M. Snakebite Clinics and Pathogenesis: From Preclinical to Resource Mapping Studies. In Toxins, 2023-11-01, 15, 11, pp. Dostupné na: https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins15110626., Registrované v: SCOPUS RODRÍGUEZ-VARGAS, Ariadna - FRANCO-VÁSQUEZ, Adrián Marcelo - TRIANA-CERÓN, Miguel - ALAM-ROJAS, Shaha Noor - ESCOBAR-WILCHES, Derly C. - CORZO, Gerardo - LAZCANO-PÉREZ, Fernando - ARREGUÍN-ESPINOSA, Roberto - RUIZ-GÓMEZ, Francisco. Immunological Cross-Reactivity and Preclinical Assessment of a Colombian Anticoral Antivenom against the Venoms of Three Micrurus Species. In Toxins, 2024-02-01, 16, 2, pp. Dostupné na: https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins16020104., Registrované v: WOS, SCOPUS BARTLETT, Keirah E. - HALL, Steven R. - RASMUSSEN, Sean A. - CRITTENDEN, Edouard - DAWSON, Charlotte A. - ALBULESCU, Laura Oana - LAPRADE, William - HARRISON, Robert A. - SAVIOLA, Anthony J. - MODAHL, Cassandra M. - JENKINS, Timothy P. - WILKINSON, Mark C. - GUTIÉRREZ, José María - CASEWELL, Nicholas R. Dermonecrosis caused by a spitting cobra snakebite results from toxin potentiation and is prevented by the repurposed drug varespladib. In Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2024-05-07, 121, 19, pp. ISSN 00278424. Dostupné na: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2315597121., Registrované v: SCOPUS
OCA18. Characteristics of the output's impact on socio-economic practice	Especially in the areas of public health, pharmaceutical research, and healthcare systems in regions affected by snake envenomation. In medical practice, it provides a scientific basis for the development of more precise and effective antivenoms based on monoclonal antibodies. Such an approach may increase treatment specificity, reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, and improve clinical outcomes for patients following envenomation. From a societal perspective, the research has the potential to reduce mortality and long-term health consequences of snake envenomation, which represents a significant problem particularly in developing countries. More effective treatment can lead to a reduced burden on healthcare systems and an improved quality of life for affected populations. From an economic standpoint, the development of toxin-specific monoclonal antivenoms may contribute to the optimization of production processes and the reduction of costs associated with ineffective or less specific therapies. At the same time, it opens opportunities for biotechnological innovation and the commercialization of new therapeutic products. Overall, the output supports a shift from traditional polyspecific antivenoms toward precisely targeted immunotherapies, thereby increasing the efficiency, safety, and sustainability of snakebite envenomation treatment on a global scale.
OCA19. Characteristics of the output and related activities' impact on the educational process	The output and related activities have a significant educational impact, particularly in the fields of biomedicine, immunology, toxicology, and pharmaceutical research, as they connect theoretical knowledge with current trends in modern therapeutic development. First, they expand students’ understanding of the mechanisms of snake toxin action, especially three-finger toxins (3FTxs), and the principles of their neutralization using monoclonal antibodies. The specific example of antibody development against the venom of Naja ashei enables a better understanding of immunological methods as well as the processes involved in antibody production and characterization (e.g., IgG1 subtype, SDS-PAGE analysis, antigen–antibody binding affinity). The related activities also develop students’ practical skills in interpreting experimental data, comparing the effectiveness of biological preparations, and statistically evaluating results. This supports their ability to critically assess differences between traditional polyspecific antivenoms and modern toxin-specific approaches. An important educational benefit is also the understanding of global healthcare challenges associated with snakebite envenomation, particularly in developing countries, thereby strengthening awareness of the connection between science, medicine, and public health. Overall, the output contributes to the modernization of education by promoting interdisciplinary thinking, the development of research competencies, and orientation toward innovative biotechnological solutions in immunotherapy.